Who is likely to have ordered the creation, design, and placement of the stele? What other information do we need? h�bbd```b``f�� ��D���L���n`6/�,�L���I`�4��&IFe;����
$�� ɿ��������H&���q�7� ݝA
Information and an image of the stele can be found by visiting the Louvre Museum, which is available through EDSITEment-reviewed resource The Oriental Institute: The University of Chicago. Hammurabi’s Code 1700s BCE Evaluation of Evidence We must evaluate all evidence To evaluate evidence, we ask: Why is a document useful? NCSS.D2.His.4.6-8. The following selection is from the introduction of Hammurabi’s Code. 124 0 obj
<>stream
For a representative sample of the Code, read: the prologue (first and last paragraphs); precepts 3, 4, 60, 108, 196, and 228; and the epilogue (paragraphs 1–3 and 5). Religion was central to everyday life in Babylonia. Codes. A preamble, like the introduction to an essay, states the purpose of what follows. While Hammurabi’s Code featured some progressive precepts—including history’s first minimum wage laws and the first expression of the concept “innocent until proven guilty”—no one is suggesting that CEOs should emulate Hammurabi. After the students become more familiar with the contents of the code, they will be given the opportunity to form their own hypotheses. a. In the 18th Century BCE, Hammurabi (also spelled Hammurapi) became the sixth ruler in the First Dynasty of Babylon. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. It was simple yet organized and efficient. Hammurabi’s Code. Another interesting fact about the ancient Hammurabi’s code is that it was discovered only in the early part of the 20th century, and that too, not in Babylonia, but, at Susa, an ancient city of Iran. Evaluate the relative influence of various causes of events and developments in the past. Author: Libby Robertson Title : PowerPoint Presentation Last modified by: Libby … However, today he is most famous for a series of judgments inscribed on a large stone stele and dubbed Hammurabi's Code. Tool to unify expanding empire “That the strong might not injure the weak” Allowed everyone to know the rules. In what ways? Make inclusion of such information an important part of your evaluation of the presentation. The empire he created is known as Babylon, while the civilization is often referred to as Old Babylonia. Based on independent or group research, students consider the relationship between these daily practices and Hammurabi's Code. The fourth precept indicates that fines of money and/or grain were imposed and implies the existence of something akin to our civil suits in which the complainant received a settlement. Perhaps the clearest example of the sacrifice of individual rights on the altar of social order is the provision that would spell death for the builder’s son if a new house collapsed and killed the owner’s son. One thing we learn is that reputation was incredibly important as the … Use questions generated about individuals and groups to analyze why they, and the developments they shaped, are seen as historically significant. In the hypothetical speech below, Hammurabi invokes some of the Babylonian gods (Anu Bel, Shamash), as he does in his Code. The Code of Hammurabi is often cited as the oldest written laws on record, but they were predated by at least two other ancient codes of conduct from the Middle East. The existence of ancient codes such as Hammurabi's reflects a body of common law; yet collections of royal judgments were not codes of law as we understand the concept. Students use multimodal technology platforms to create original demonstrations of learning on any of the following topics and topics they personally choose and research: Assign small groups. According to the first paragraph what did the gods do for Babylon before Hammurabi? According to this Students will soon work independently with a few of Hammurabi's pronouncements. According to this document, where did Hammurabi get his power as king? Keeping these axioms in mind will help us see Hammurabi’s Law Code in the same way the Babylonians saw it. Prepare the students to read excerpts from the text of Hammurabi's Code by sharing the essay Law and Government from The Oriental Institute: The University of Chicago. Why would Hammurabi want his name associated with the names of gods? According to this document, was Babylonia a monotheistic society (belief in one god) or a polytheistic society (belief in many gods)? What other information do we need? Hammurabi also established a set of laws that is today called the Code of Hammurabi. Number one hundred and eight indicates that women could own at least some kinds of businesses in Old Babylonia. King Hammurabi ruled Babylon. Document A: Religion 1. Hammurabi's Code is one of the most helpful windows that we have into examining Babylonian society. … What did people believe in? These laws were modified because the people that were more important and have done … For example, the group would reveal some information about the status of women by simply making one of the witnesses a female tavern owner. The Gods 2. In this lesson, students use Hammurabi’s Code to consider religious, economic, and social facets of life in the ancient world. Many scholars now consider Hammurabi's Code part of a longstanding tradition of public display of representative royal pronouncements. x�]�͊�@��z Difficulty: Average. endstream
endobj
startxref
Begin by informing students that Hammurabi became the sixth ruler in the First Dynasty of Babylon in the 18th Century BCE. What did people believe in? However, the phrase they learn, "eye for an eye", really oversimplifies this historic document. Now share with the class the brief section on Babylonia from the British Museum's Mesopotamia site's Introduction to Mesopotamia, accessible through the EDSITEment-reviewed web resource The Oriental Institute: The University of Chicago. Pass out Document A, but do not pass out the Guiding Questions yet. Yet CEOs can learn … The importance of religion? Monotheistic or Polytheistic? The precise intention behind the inscription on Hammurabi's Stela remains unclear. going to answer the question: What can we learn about Babylonia from Hammurabi’s Code? The laws, written in cuneiform, are inscribed on the lower part of the monument. He also states that the purpose of the Code is "to bring about the rule of righteousness in the land … so that the strong should not harm the weak." At the time, it was the oldest known set of what appeared to be laws. NCSS.D2.His.16.6-8. Hammurabi was the king of Babylonia which was located in the Fertile Crescent (also referred to as Mesopotamia). Tell the class we have quite a bit of information about this ancient stele, which you will share with them later, but, for now, you want them to consider the object itself. NCSS.D2.His.1.6-8. Students may also be interested in seeing where the borders of Babylonia fall in terms of the Modern Political Map through a comparison with Mesopotamia in 1750 BCE, both available through a link from The Oriental Institute: The University of Chicago. Hammurabi's Code is one of the most helpful windows that we have into examining Babylonian society. Average score for this quiz is 6 / 10. Investigate Hammurabi's motives for creating and distributing his "Code.". How has Hammurabi's Code influenced subsequent codes of law? Divide the class into five groups. h�b```"kV�/B ��ea�h�K�8i�v����� Y����?x�1�900|(�v;w=H�f����E\Yu2���8zK),�:�DW Ẍ́!����AH�Y�-�A���@S��7� ;��A찻��
�X�����X�p�����A�Spg���>�{+8`^ b`>����@� >>(
This activity serves to establish an anticipatory set for what is to follow. As you read, pay attention to the religion of Babylonia.
Have them think about the following questions: Ask students to look carefully at the stele. Was Hammurabi's code a set of laws as we understand laws to be today? Hammurabi’s Code 1700s BCE Evaluation of Evidence We must evaluate all evidence To evaluate evidence, we ask: Why is a document useful? Materials: • Background PowerPoint • Copies of Documents A-C • Modeling Script for Document A • Guiding Questions Plan of Instruction: 1. What do you know about Hammurabi and his Code? The Code of Hammurabi was one of the first attempts in history to align incentives. Allow time for the groups to meet and then present their recommendations. 0
Download and prepare as necessary handouts from the downloadable PDFs for this lesson. According to this document, where did Hammurabi get his power as king? This lesson focuses on the skill of evaluating evidence. Hammurabi's Code distinguishes between three classes in the application of justice: That there was an organized government? %PDF-1.4
%����
%%EOF
In the third paragraph, Hammurabi pledges his allegiance to the god Marduk-the highest in the Babylonian pantheon, comparable to Zeus in the Greek pantheon. Search. What foreign policy recommendations, if any, did groups make? The technical knowledge, tools, and skills of the Babylonians? But we now know that Hammurabi's was one of many codes created before and after his reign. 2. As a result of Hammurabi's expansion of the empire, Marduk also began to be considered the chief god of the entire traditional Mesopotamian pantheon. Its purpose is to stimulate student thinking about the reasons behind Hammurabi's Code. Once the groups have presented, help the class generalize what life was like in ancient Babylonian society as a whole during Hammurabi's reign. Log in Sign up. NCSS.D2.His.15.6-8. What does this preamble state is the purpose of the code to follow? DOCUMENT #1 Close Read What can we as historians learn about Babylonian society from the Code of Hammurabi? He conquered all of Mesopotamia and established the first Babylonian Empire. The Code of … Ask students to point to parts of the code that reflect the following possible reasons for its creation, design, and placement: What other possible reasons—if any—for the creation of Hammurabi's Code and its public display might be indicated by the text? Name: _____ Date: _____ adapted from the Standford History Group, sheg.standford.edu Introduction: Hammurabi’s Code (also referred to as the Code of Hammurabi) is the earliest known example of written laws. endstream
endobj
96 0 obj
<>stream
The third precept indicates the existence of a judicial system with elders serving as judges. Its leader, Father Vincent Scheil, translated the code the following year. Each group will play the role of a council of advisors to King Hammurabi. Numbers in brackets refer to the section numbers in the code. Since that time, however, earlier similar "codes" have been unearthed. As you read, pay attention to the religion of Babylonia. They state that if X happens than Y must now happen. Or were they something else? What information indicates: Students construct inquiry questions to investigate topics relevant to daily life in Babylonia and today. What would be involved in creating and moving a stele like this one? Groups should remember that Hammurabi is an absolute ruler and the consequences of a presentation that displeases the king could be severe. According to this document, where did Hammurabi get his power as king? It is one of the oldest deciphered writings of significant length in the world. FOCUS QUESTION: WHAT CAN WE LEARN ABOUT BABYLONIA FROM HAMMURABI’S CODE? Marduk . Choose from among the following precepts around which to create a courtroom scene: #9, 122, 125, 135, 142, 168, or 233. Students should be directed to the EDSITEment Study Activity for the Activity, where they should click on the link to their group's worksheet which will form the basis of their presentations. The Code of Hammurabi was written down on clay tablets and etched into stone. _____ … How do we know about the Code of Hammurabi? Document A: Excerpts on Religion from Hammurabi’s Code . … Document A: Religion 1. In this exercise Hammurabi has gathered his councils of advisors together. b. “CEOs can learn from Hammurabi’s struggle to regulate accountability, align incentives, manage risk, and communicate standards.” Aligning Incentives. Document A: Religion in Hammurabi’s Code a. What would be required to do so? Document 1: The Code of Hammurabi—Economy Context: Babylonia was located in the Fertile Crescent between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. Without revealing anything more specific about the stele at this point, tell the students the original, though the only one in existence, is thought to be one of many. Read through the lesson plan and visit the websites you plan to have your students use. Social structure definitely played an important role in Hammurabi’s Code. sophiederr. Who was Hammurabi? According to the Code, Babylonian religion was According to the Code, the Babylonian economy was based on According to the Code, Babylonian society was structured around Bookmark them as necessary on your computer. Analyze multiple factors that influenced the perspectives of people during different historical eras. The social structure was very precise and was made up of three different classes, the Awilum or Upper class, the Mushkenum or free man class, and the Wardum or slave class. In the prologue, Hammurabi claims that his authority comes directly from the gods. We have indications that similar stele had been placed near temples around Babylonia. Hammurabi did not find everyone in each class equal, yet within each class, he treated them fairly and with the rights they deserved. Each group will create a script for a hypothetical Babylonian trial based on one of the precepts from Hammurabi's Code listed below. What can we learn about Babylonia from Hammurabi’s Code? The success of Hammurabi's military operations expanded Babylon north along the Tigris and Euphrates and south to what is now called the Persian Gulf. These laws help shed light on what life was like in Ancient Babylonia. The fifth paragraph advises future kings to follow these precepts. The Code of Hammurabi, inscribed on a large stone stele-an upright slab--was uncovered by a French expedition in 1901. Document A: Religion 1. Read with the class the first three paragraphs (starting near the end of the first paragraph with the words "That the strong might not injure the weak") and the first sentence of the fifth paragraph. A second reading of the meaning of this stone may be found in the possibility that the image communicated to viewers that Hammurabi's position was one of an intermediary between the human world and the world of the gods. . Babylonian Basalt. Challenge the groups to include information about Babylonian society that they have learned in this lesson in the script. What kind of domestic improvements or policies did groups recommend? It is also found in the Hebrew Bible (Exodus 21:18–19, 22–25, Leviticus 24:17–21) and in the Gospels (Matthew 5:38). Though Hammurabi's Code is not unique, it is still the longest code yet discovered and one of the only ones known to have been inscribed on a stele. (Barratt et al., 2017). It is marked as the "Law Codex of Hammurabi." According to the third paragraph, what achievements does Hammurabi claim occurred during his rule? Which at that time was l ocated along the Euphrates and Tigris Rivers (just like Mesopotamia) from 1792-1750 BCE. PLAY. Students will participate in a simulation in 3–5 groups. The best known and most complete of the ancient pre-Roman law codes is that of Hammurabi, Eighteenth Century BCE ruler of Babylon. Code of Hammurabi, the most complete and perfect extant collection of Babylonian laws, developed during the reign of Hammurabi (1792–1750 bce) of the 1st dynasty of Babylon. Learn about Hammurabi, the ruler of Babylon, and the code of laws that he created. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. If desired, groups can use the chart, “Chart for Gathering Information from Hammurabi's Code,” which is available as a PDF, while gathering information. c. b. It is a stele, made of basalt (a hard black volcanic rock), standing taller than seven feet and measuring about six feet around at its base. Ask the students to each write a one-sentence hypothesis as to the purpose of Hammurabi's Code. STUDY. The Code of Hammurabi is a well-preserved Babylonian law code of ancient Mesopotamia, dating back to about 1754 BC. the need for law and order in a growing community, the need for strong leadership in Babylon, Hammurabi's desire to be seen as a great king in a line of kings coming before and after him. The graphic on the stone communicated Hammurabi's message that the gods, the ultimate source of justice, provide legitimacy for his authority. ** Questions in BOLD require analysis to earn a 4 ** Document A 1. Dating to the 1700s BCE, Hammurabi’s Code is one of the oldest sets of laws. �&Q_���/��� ��bԻ��@�����5�*@;�����8���ᤐ�S]�:��a�sn�s�W�_.��Wu9{N�f�v��;�}��
B�كdii���&��%��DaL�v�9�H�4'k�6��v���Q~�K)�4:;AN٩�g��%+��6+!v�ێ)6��IS��j�n�'��g"�Va�>m�����羉���m/�m#š�q�P����Vv�k�n�����u]7�on��c~q��oM�ص�k�k��W�.�'�"�w��� җ�|
What are its limitations? It calls for different punishments based on social class and even gender. Start studying History Exam Unit III: Babylonia and Hammurabi's Code. Interpreting information - verify that you can review information regarding the Code of Hammurabi and interpret it correctly Additional Learning. NCSS.D2.His.3.6-8. What other document(s) do students know that has/have (a) preamble(s)? However, we can't tell everything. If you have time, ask the students to find a series of pronouncements that appear to be grouped together because they are on similar subject, such as #21-23. Brainliest would be nice if that is fine with you (If I deserve it, of course) To model for the students what they will be doing later and to introduce some information about daily life in Babylonia, share with the class the following information: Now share precepts #215-217. When Anu the Sublime…and … WOMEN IN BABYLONIA UNDER THE HAMMURABI LAW CODE . The Code of Hammurabi was a set of 282 laws dealing with a wide variety of interactions, and an epilogue filled with curses applying to anyone in the future who may change, efface, or subvent Hammurabi’s divinely ordained legislation (Cook 3). Ask students to point to a specific example. In the fifth paragraph, what does Hammurabi advise future kings to do? Once on the Louvre website, click on the link for "selected works" at the left; then, click on Oriental Antiquities; under "selected works" click on Mesopotamia and Anatolia; and finally, you will see an image of the stele by scrolling down through the thumbnail images. Fudenberg and Levine (2004) take the second paragraph of The Code and cast it in terms of the theory of learning in game theory. It was only in 1901 that archaeologists discovered the … Hammurabi ruled ancient Babylonia and a good part of the Mesopotamian basin. Who were their gods? Close Read: What can we learn about Babylonia from Hammurabi’s Code? When these are done, conduct a brief discussion. What can we learn about Old Babylonian society from Hammurabi's Code? Large temples were central features in every city and wealthy homes likely included their own private chapels. Who were their gods? According to this document, was Babylonia a monotheistic society or a polytheistic society? They never served as a source of precedent when courts rendered decisions. This lesson is designed to extend world history curricula on Mesopotamia and to give students a more in-depth view of life in Babylonia during the time of Hammurabi. The code of laws pertained to him is one of the earliest and most inclusive of such law efforts. Such a system would tend to redistribute land from large to small owners. How Hammurabi's Code actually reflects life in Old Babylonia will be the subject of the following activities. Hammurabi’s Code Guiding Question: What can we learn about Babylonia from Hammurabi’s Code? Scholars are still debating its precise significance as a set of laws, but the Code's importance as a reflection of Babylonian society is indisputable. Hammurabi’s legal code (The Code of Hammurabi) was established between 1894 and 1595 B.C. Think about large public objects with which students might be familiar, such as the statue of Lincoln at his memorial. NCSS.D2.His.2.6-8. Why place the stele near temples? There is an image at the top and an inscription underneath. Historians can learn a lot about Babylonia from Hammurabi’s Code. Question: What can we learn about babylonia from hammurabi's code Such a system requires some standardization of the law as well as an educated class to serve as judges and court recorders. Start studying Hammurabi's Code. Depending on the translation you read, most or all of the pronouncements begin with "If."